Marine scientists are delving into the secret world of an elusive species of dolphin by examining their unique sounds for the first time. Unlike the better-known common and bottlenose dolphins, the Atlantic white sided dolphin prefers the deep ocean to coastal waters and is rarely seen by humans. The species is so poorly understood in science that there are no accurate estimates on population size, even though the dolphin is hunted in the Faroe Islands.

Now scientists at SAMS in Oban plan to examine recordings of Atlantic white sided dolphins to describe its vocal behaviour – or acoustic repertoire. By documenting the dolphin’s unique sounds, the team will provide a crucial baseline for further studies to learn more about this secretive cetacean. Their project, funded by the Royal Society of Edinburgh, will document sounds such as the dolphins’ echolocation clicks and the duration and pitch of their whistles.

SAMS Fellow and marine mammal expert Susannah Calderan recently compiled a report on the species that concluded there were no reliable population estimates available for the species, leaving them potentially vulnerable.

She said: “For Atlantic white sided dolphins it can be a case of ‘out of sight, out of mind’. It is more straightforward to study bottlenose dolphins because they are a coastal species; we have more of an idea where they are going to be. White sided dolphins are usually on the continental shelf or further out in the ocean. When we do find them, they don’t often ‘play’ with the boats and, because of their speed, are very hard to photograph.

“We have recordings of white sided dolphins – they have an unusual whistle that sounds like a space alien – but no-one has documented the acoustic repertoire in detail before.”

Because Atlantic white sided dolphins are primarily an offshore species, they don’t fall under the various protections of individual countries – another reason no major research studies have been undertaken.

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